What Is Teeth Scaling: Complete Guide to Deep Cleaning, Gum Health & Fresh Breath
At a glance
Teeth scaling is a professional cleaning that removes hardened plaque (tartar) above and below the gum line. It reduces bacteria, improves breath, and prevents progression of gum disease. Ideal frequency: usually every 3–6 months depending on risk.
- Who benefits: people with bleeding gums, persistent bad breath, visible tartar, smokers, diabetics, and anyone prone to buildup.
- Typical session: 30–60 minutes for routine cleaning; deeper sessions or root planing may take longer or multiple visits.
- Cost in Karachi: PKR 2,000–10,000 depending on depth of cleaning.
What is teeth scaling?
Scaling (sometimes called deep cleaning) removes hardened dental plaque — called tartar or calculus — from tooth surfaces and from the pockets between teeth and gums. When plaque calcifies, brushing and flossing alone can’t remove it. Scaling restores gum health by eliminating the bacteria reservoir and allowing tissues to heal.
Types of teeth scaling
Routine (Prophylaxis) Scaling
Standard cleaning for patients with healthy gums or mild gingivitis. It includes ultrasonic cleaning plus polishing.
Deep Cleaning (Scaling & Root Planing)
Used when pocket depths exceed about 4 mm or when gum disease is present. It cleans below the gum line and smooths root surfaces to reduce bacterial niches.
Methods
- Ultrasonic scalers: fast, efficient, irrigate pockets and remove heavy deposits.
- Manual scaling: fine instruments for tactile cleaning and root smoothing.
- Airflow polishing: uses abrasives and air/water to remove soft stains after scaling.
When should you get scaling?
- Gums that bleed during brushing or flossing
- Persistent bad breath despite brushing and mouthwash
- Visible tartar on the gum line or receding gums
- Loose teeth or X-ray evidence of bone loss
- Higher-risk groups: smokers, diabetics, previous periodontal disease
Who should take precautions?
Scaling is safe for most people, but a few groups need tailored planning:
- Patients with certain heart conditions may need antibiotics before dental treatment — inform your dentist of cardiac history.
- Uncontrolled diabetics: stabilize blood sugar before complex periodontal therapy.
- Pregnancy: routine cleanings are safe; deep procedures may be timed to the second trimester when possible.
- Anyone on blood thinners should tell their dentist; the team may consult with the physician.
Step-by-step: What happens during scaling?
- Assessment: your dentist or hygienist measures pocket depths and checks for inflammation and tartar.
- Ultrasonic cleaning: a vibrating tip breaks up tartar and flushes pockets with water.
- Manual scaling: fine curettes remove remaining deposits and smooth root surfaces.
- Polishing: removes surface stains and smooths enamel.
- Fluoride or antimicrobial rinse: optional step to protect enamel and reduce bacteria after cleaning.
Total time: roughly 30–60 minutes for routine cleaning. Deeper pockets or split visits may be needed for severe disease.
Practical checklist: Before your scaling appointment
- Note symptoms: bleeding, bad breath, sensitivity — bring this list to your appointment.
- Bring a list of medicines and medical conditions (diabetes, heart disease, blood thinners).
- Brush gently the morning of your visit; avoid vigorous scrubbing.
- Eat a light meal 1–2 hours before your appointment.
- Avoid smoking for several hours before the procedure to improve tissue response.
- If you wear retainers or aligners, bring them so the dentist can check fit afterwards.
Aftercare: What to expect and how to manage comfort
Most patients feel mild sensitivity or gum tenderness for 1–3 days. Follow these steps for faster healing:
- Brush gently with a soft-bristled brush and floss carefully.
- Rinse with warm salted water (½ teaspoon salt in 250 ml water) to reduce irritation.
- Avoid very hot, cold, spicy, or sticky foods for 24–48 hours.
- Use desensitizing toothpaste if temperature sensitivity is noticeable.
- Avoid smoking and alcohol for at least 24–48 hours; both slow healing.
Contact your dentist if discomfort lasts more than two weeks, bleeding is heavy, or signs of infection (pus, swelling) appear.
How long do results last?
With good home care, scaling results typically keep your mouth healthier for 2–6 months. Frequency depends on:
- Your oral hygiene routine
- Smoking, tea/coffee habits, and diet
- Systemic conditions such as diabetes
- History of periodontal disease
Comparison: Routine Cleaning vs. Deep Cleaning
| Feature | Routine Cleaning | Scaling & Root Planing |
|---|---|---|
| Goal | Remove surface plaque & polish | Remove tartar below gumline and smooth roots |
| Duration | 30–45 min | 45–90+ min or multiple visits |
| When used | Healthy gums, mild gingivitis | Deep pockets, periodontal disease |
| Tools | Ultrasonic + polish | Ultrasonic + manual curettes + sometimes antibiotics |
Myths vs Facts
- Myth: Scaling damages enamel. Fact: It removes hardened deposits; enamel is not harmed when performed properly.
- Myth: Scaling makes teeth loose. Fact: Loose teeth are usually due to disease; scaling removes the deposits that cause inflammation and ultimately supports stronger gums.
- Myth: Scaling whitens teeth permanently. Fact: Scaling removes stains and tartar but is not a whitening treatment.
Frequently asked questions
Does scaling hurt?
Most patients feel minimal discomfort. If gums are inflamed, local anaesthetic or staged visits can increase comfort.
How often should I get scaling?
For many, every six months is appropriate. High-risk patients (smokers, diabetics, history of gum disease) may need 3–4 month intervals.
Will scaling cure bad breath?
If bad breath is caused by plaque/tartar, scaling significantly helps. Persistent halitosis may need further evaluation.
Is scaling safe during pregnancy?
Routine cleanings are generally safe; deep periodontal therapy is usually scheduled for the second trimester when feasible. Always inform your dentist if you are pregnant.
Ready to freshen your smile?
If you’re in Karachi and want a professional assessment, Global Dental will examine your gums, measure pocket depths, and recommend the right cleaning plan for you.